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Milliken v. Bradley
''Milliken v. Bradley'', 418 U.S. 717 (1974), was a significant United States Supreme Court case dealing with the planned desegregation busing of public school students across district lines among 53 school districts in metropolitan Detroit. It concerned the plans to integrate public schools in the United States following the ''Brown v. Board of Education'', 347 U.S. 483 (1954) decision.
The ruling clarified the distinction between ''de jure'' and ''de facto'' segregation, confirming that segregation was allowed if it was not considered an explicit policy of each school district. In particular, the Court held that the school systems were not responsible for desegregation across district lines unless it could be shown that they had each deliberately engaged in a policy of segregation. The case did not expand on ''Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education'', 402 U.S. 1 (1971), the first major Supreme Court case concerning school busing.
==Background==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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